国家开放大学2025年春季学期期末统一考试 英语阅读(1)试题

试卷代号:22155

2025年7月

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Part I

Questions1-10 are based on Passage 1.(30 points,3 points each)

Passage 1 Laughing Out Loud

1Some people say that laughter is the best medicine. Scientists are beginning to agree with this. They are studying laughter seriously and are finding that it is really good for us.

2 So what happens when we laugh? We use 15 different muscles in our face, and laughing is good for every organ in our body. When we laugh, we breathe quickly and exercise the face, shoulders, and chest. Our blood pressure goes down, and our circulation gets better. Our heartbeat is lower, and our brain makes a natural painkiller called beta-endorphin.

3Every minute we laugh is the same as 45 minutes of relaxation. Many doctors around the world believe that laughter helps us get better when we are sick.

4 Today, there are laughter clubs around the world. They try to improve people's health with laughter. The laughter clubs started in India. Now they are in many different countries. There are more than 450 laughter cubs just in India. All kinds of people join a laughter club. They go once a day for 20 minutes and start to laugh. There are no jokes. People laugh as a kind of exercise, and everyone feels better afterwards. Some people pay a lot of money to join a laughter club and just laugh.

5 Of course, there are many kinds of laughter. We may laugh in different ways when we are in different situations. But we all have a laugh that is special to us.

6How and when do you usually laugh? Does the following make you laugh?

7 Patient, Doctor! Doctor! Every time I drink coffee, I get a sharp pain in my eye.

8Doctor: Well, take out the spoon.

Directions:

Complete these sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Note that three words or phrases from the box will not be used.

1.Some people say that______is the best medicine.

答案：laughter

2.When we laugh,we use 15different______in our face.

答案：muscles

3. Laughter makes our______lower.

答案：blood pressure

4. Laughter clubs try to______people's health with laughter.

答案：improve

5.Some people______a lot of money to join a laughter club and just laugh.

答案：pay

Directions:

One piece of information in each sentence is not correct. Rewrite the sentence with the correct information

6. Laughing is good for every organ in our brain.

答案：Laughing is good for every organ in our body.

7. Every minute we laugh is the same as 45 hours of relaxation.

答案：Every minute we laugh is the same as 45 minutes of relaxation.

8. We may change the way we laugh in different ages.

答案：We may change the way we laugh in different situations.

9.When we laugh,we breathe seriously.

答案：When we laugh,we breathe quickly.

10. Our face makes a natural painkiller.

答案：Our brain makes a natural painkiller.

Part II

Questions 11-20 are based on Passage 2. (30 points, 3 points each)

Passage 2 Dinner Fresh from the Freezer

1 You need to make dinner,but don't have any fresh vegetables. So you go to the freezer and take out some frozen ones. When you have dinner, the taste of the vegetables is fresh and delicious. You can thank Clarence Birdseye for that. Clarence Birdseye invented a way for us to have frozen food in convenient packages.

2Clarence Birdseye was born in 1886 in Brooklyn, New York. He was one of eight children. He loved nature and animals. Later, he started to study biology at college. He didn't finish college and started to work to make money. In many jobs around the country, he worked with animals and nature.

3In 1912,Birdseye went to the north of Canada. He liked it there and bought and sold fur. He also took his new wife and baby son there They lived in a cabin 250 miles (402 kilometers) away from the nearest doctor. He often traveled with the local Inuit people, and he went fishing with them. As soon as one of them caught a fish, it quickly froze because the air was so cold. He asked them, "Are we going to eat this fish today?" The Inuit replied, "No, we already have fish for one month." Birdseye didn't understand. How could fish stay for a month and not go bad? Later,when he ate the frozen fish,it was as delicious as the fresh fish. Then he understood! When you freeze fish fast enough, it doesn't change its taste or the way it looks. He tried this new idea on vegetables. He froze cabbage so his family could eat vegetables in the winter.

4 In 1917, Birdseye returned to the United States and took different jobs. In the end, he worked for a fish company and started to try out the quick-freezing method he learned in Canada. Finally, in 1924, he started a company called Birdseye Seafoods. It sold frozen foods such as fish, meat, and vegetables. In 1930, he tested the foods in Springfield, Massachusetts. For the first time, shoppers saw frozen foods in their grocery store. Did they buy them? Yes,they did! And what a change Birdseye made to the American diet, all because of his curiosity.

Directions:

Fill in each blank of the text summary with an appropriate word from the box. Please note that five words from the box will not be used.

Clarence Birdseye, the man behind modern frozen food, was born in 1886 in New York. He studied biology at college, but 11.______ and started to make money. He did many jobs in the United States. Later he 12.to the north of Canada. He liked to go fishing with the local Inuit people and found that as soon as a fish was 13., it quickly froze. He could not figure out why a fish could stay for a month and not go 14.. He realized that quick 15. in very cold air wouldn't 16.______ the taste of the food. He tried this new idea on vegetables, so his family could have 17.______ vegetables in the winter. In 1917,he returned to his home country. After some time he worked for a fish company and began to 18.______ out the quick-freezing method that he learned in Canada. In 1924,he set up a 19.______ that sold frozen foods. In 1930, the first quick-frozen foods were 20.______ to the public in Springfield, Massachusetts. Clarence Birdseye truly made a wonderful change to the American diet.

11. 答案：c

12. 答案：g

13. 答案：h

14. 答案：a

15. 答案：f

16. 答案：m

17. 答案：k

18. 答案：j

19. 答案：e

20. 答案：d

Part III True or False

Questions 21-30 are based on Passage 3. (20 points, 2 points each)

Passage 3 Cindy,the all-American girl

Fred Smith, Cindy's father, is a businessman working for a large corporation. Her mother, Mary Smith, was a housewife for many years, but has now gone back to work as a secretary. Cindy has a brother, Jimmy, who is sixteen. He is in the tenth grade of the local High School, Cindy finds him rebellious, but she fought with her parents when she was an adolescent, too. The family is Roman Catholic, but at college, Cindy does not attend church every Sunday.

Her mother has only a high school education. Her father started college but dropped out after the first year to go to work. He now earns almost $ 40, 000 a year -enough to afford a comfortable home, but barely enough to keep a daughter in college, too. Cindy has taken out a special loan called a Federal Guaranteed Loan to help pay her expenses.

Politically, her parents regard themselves as "middle-of the road". They usually vote for Democrats; Cindy is not yet old enough to vote. Among all the issues facing the United States today, Cindy feels that inflation is the greatest domestic problem. She is also concerned about pollution, overuse of non-renewable resources such as oil, and the courts' leniency towards criminals.

The family often spend evenings together watching television. Fred Smith is particularly fond of football and baseball telecasts. Cindy watches a variety of shows. As a child, she spent hours in front of the TV set. She has less free time now,but still watches television several hours daily.

Directions:

Read Passage 3 carefully and then decide whether statements 21-30 are true or false. Write T for true and F for false against the number of the item on your answer sheet

21. Cindy's father is a businessman.

答案：T

22. Her mother is a housewife.

答案：F

23. Cindy has one younger brother.

答案：T

24. Her parents are not very well educated.

答案：T

25. The family is Roman Catholic.

答案：T

26.Cindy's father is very rich.

答案：F

27. Cindy is not interested in politics.

答案：F

28. Cindy is getting a loan to help pay her way through college.

答案：T

29.Cindy is fond of football and baseball.

答案：F

30. She watches TV quite a lot.

答案：T

Part IV Short Answer

Questions 31-35 are based on Passage 4. (20 points, 4 points each)

Passage 4

Liberia, the oldest independent Negro state in West Africa, has been struggling for survival ever since its foundation in 1822. Progress has been hampered by constant hostility between the American Negroes whose families returned there in the early 19th century, and the West Africans whose ancestors never left the continent. Though the two groups are of the same race, they are divided by language and outlook and regard each other with deep suspicion creating a conflict which was not foreseen by Liberia's founders.

In addition, neighboring states, native tribes, disease, and poverty have made life dangerous and difficult. The government has tried desperately, through loans and a trickle of trade, to make ends meet. Anxiety about financial matters lessened somewhat when, in 1910, the United States accepted responsibility for Liberia's survival. However, not until Harvey Firestone, the American rubber king, decided that the United States must produce its own rubber - with Liberia as the site of the rubber plantations - did Liberia have much hope of paying its debts and balancing its budget (预算).

The rubber industry, founded in the 1920's and the activity that followed it brought both progress and profit to Liberia. Before that time Liberia had no roads, not mechanical transport and no good port;, its people had little education and few tools. Liberians feel that the country is being ruled by rubber. For this reason,the recent discovery of iron ore is important. Liberian leaders are trying to moderate the power of the rubber industry and to establish the country's political and economic independence.

Directions:

Read passage 4 and give short answers to Questions 31- 35. Make your answers clear and short. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

31. Which country is the oldest independent Negro state in west Africa?

答案：Liberia

32.When was the oldest independent Negro state founded?

答案：In 1822.

33. What problems did the oldest independent Negro state face in the late 19th century? (Give two examples.)

答案：Constant hostility between the American Negroes and the West Africans, neighbouring states; native tribes; disease, and poverty. (Either two of these will be OK.)

34.Who is Harvey Firestone?

答案：The American rubber king.

35.When was the rubber industry founded?

答案：In the 1920's.

评分标准

1.第一部分有10道题,每小题3分,共计30分,按参考答案阅卷,每小题做对得3分,做错不得分。6-10题评分标准如下:

2.第二部分有10道题,每小题3分,共计30分,按参考答案阅卷,每小题做对得3分,做错不得分。

3.第三部分有10道正误判断题,每小题2分,共计20分,按参考答案阅卷,每小题做对得2 分,做错不得分。

4.第四部分有5道简答题,每小题4分,共计20分,该部分具体评分标准如下。