国家开放大学2024年春季学期期末统一考试 高级英语阅读(2)试题

试卷代号:11354

2024年7月

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Information for the examinees:

This examination consists of two sections. They are:

Section I: New Words (60 points, 40 minutes)

Section Il: Reading Comprehension (40 points, 50 minutes)

The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.

Section I New Words

I. Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (30 points, 3 points each)

标准答案

1. G

2. I

3. C

4. A

5. J

6. B

7. E

8. D

9. H

10. F

II. Fill in the blanks with words from the box below.(30 points,3 points each)

Word box: require  protectionist  economic  priority  infrastructure  created  technology  policy  global  areas

It may sound as if the situation is hopeless for developing countries ever to have a competitive edge in 11 trade-but perhaps not. East Asia, for example, has found far more 12 success than Africa has. The key to success seems to lie in each government's economic 13 . Malaysia and Thailand have the same tropical climate as many African countries, but their economies-unlike those of Africa-are growing fast. The reason? Their governments have 14 an economic climate in which people can move from agriculture to manufacturing. Geography is not the terrible obstacle to manufacturing that it is to farming. To help new entrepreneurs, these governments pay careful attention to 15 such as 16 (harbors, railroads, and so on) and telecommunication. In other countries, such as India, information technology (infotech) is driving the economy in some cities. Computer 17 doesn't depend on geography, but it does 18 educated workers. Therefore, education must be a 19 .In addition, governments of developing countries mus work with developed countries and persuade them to drop 20 policies. Clearly, it is possible for government policy to prepare a path out of poverty in even poor countries.

标准答案

11. global

12. economic

13. policy

14. created

15. areas

16. infrastructure

17. technology

18. require

19. priority

20. protectionist

Section II Reading Comprehension

I. Read the passage. Then answer the questions that follow. (25 points, 5 points each)

Elephant Communication

A Researchers at Stanford and Cornell Universities are studying communication patterns of the savannah, or plains elephants, and forest elephants of sub- Saharan Africa. They have made many audio and video recordings, matching the sound and behavior of the elephants in order to understand the meaning from observed patterns.

B Their findings are that elephants use many senses to communicate, sight, smell, taste, hearing, and touch. For example, when two female elephants greet each other after a long separation, they stand side by side, flapping their ears, touching and smelling each other with their trunks, making rumbling sounds. The longer they've been separated, the louder and more demonstrative they act when they meet again.

C Elephant rumbling is a low, infrasonic sound of 12-20 Hertz (Hz) that humans cannot hear.(Human range is between 20-20,000 Hz.) Researchers have divided this rumbling into three main signals: contact,"Let's go," and mating. The contact call is used by elephants that are miles away to communicate their location to other herds. All day, female leaders rumble to other groups, who rumble back. They stay far apart to ensure enough food for all the members and later meet at a watering hole and greet each other.

D Another type of rumbling is the "Let's go" signal of a head female when she wants to leave a place after drinking or resting. Facing the direction she wants to go, she rumbles until the others begin to answer and follow her.The third type is the mating rumble that a male in musth emits. Females in a herd usually answer him,although none of them may be receptive,because they mate only once every four years. However,when the male hears them,he travels to the group to assess the situation.

E A final interesting form of communication among elephants is the way they act toward their dead.If they come upon elephant bones, they stand around touching the skulls and tusks with their trunks.When researchers left the bones of other large animals, like rhinos or buffaloes, in these places, elephants examined them briefly, but they touched only the elephant remains. In India, where elephants are often killed by trains, other elephants come to the scene to caress and mourn the dead ones.

For each question, choose the best answer based on the reading passage. Write A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.

21. Researchers are studying elephants in order to

A. count how many occupy a certain area

B. determine how much they eat and drink

C. make movies of them to show in cinemas

D. understand their communication patterns

标准答案：D

22. When female elephants greet each other after a long separation, they

A. answer in unison and look for a male

B. demonstrate their excitement at meeting again

C. rumble and walk away

D. wag their trunks and tails

标准答案：B

23. Elephant rumbling has

A. individual meanings, depending on the elephant

B. no meaning

C. only one meaning

D. several meanings

标准答案：D

24. The word emits in paragraph D probably means

A. hears

B. perceives

C. produces

D. sees

标准答案：C

25. The word remains in paragraph Eis closest in meaning to

A. bones

B. leaves

C. leftovers

D. stays behind

标准答案：A

II. Read the passage. Then answer the questions that follow. (15 points, 3 points each)

A Even though education is compulsory (required by law) for children in the United States, it is not compulsory for them to go to a conventional school to get that education. In every one of the 50 states, it is legal for parents to educate their children at home, or to "home school" their children. Although no state requires parents to have special training to home school their children, the regulations parents must follow vary widely from state to state. New Jersey, for example, imposes virtually no requirements. In contrast, New York requires home schoolers to notify their school districts, file instructional plans and frequent reports, and submit the results of tests or other forms of assessment for each child.

B Increasing numbers of American families have been opting for home schooling. According to the National Center for Educational Statisties, about 1. 1 miion children were being home schooled in the spring of 2003. This represents an increase from the 850,000 who were being home schooled in the spring of 1999. In addition, the home-schooling rate--the percentage of the school-age population that was being home schooled--increased from 1.7 percent in 1999 to 2.2percent in 2003.

C A survey conducted in 2003 asked parents to give their most important reasons for home schooling their children. Thirty-one percent cited concerns about the environment in conventional schools, including safety, drugs, or negative peer pressure. Thirty percent said that the most important reason was to provide religious or moral instruction. Sixteen percent said that the most important reason was dissatisfaction with academice instruction at conventional schools. Parents gave other reasons, too; for instance, many said that they wanted to strengthen family bonds or allow their children more freedom.

D It is difficult to show whether conventional schooling or home schooling works better. Home-schooled children tend to score significantly higher than the national average on college entrance tests. But educators say that it isn't easy to determine how meaningful the figures are, given the complexities of making direet comparisons. In the debate about home schooling, socialization is more of an issue than achievement. Advocates of conventional education believe that home-schooled children are at a disadvantage because they miss out on the kinds of social interaction and relationships with peers that are an essential part of a total education. Advocates of home schooling say that home-schooled children are not socially isolated; they think that home-schooled children have a larger social structure because they can be out in the world, in contact with people of different ages, and having experiences that they could never have in conventional schools.

Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write "T" for True and "F" for False on the Answer Sheet.

26. According to the passage, increasing numbers of American families are choosing home schooling.

标准答案：T

27. The statement gives an opinion: Home-schooled children are at a disadvantage because they miss out on some kinds of social interaction and relationships.

标准答案：T

28. Paragraph B gives information about the number of home-schooled children who attend college.

标准答案：F

29. In Paragraph D, the author implies, but does not state direetly, that there is controversy about the benefits of home schooling.

标准答案：T

30. Based on Paragraph D, we can conclude that advocates of conventional education objeet to home schooling mainly because home-schooled children cannot be compared to conventionally educated children.

标准答案：F