国家开放大学2024年春季学期期末统一考试 英语阅读(1)试题

试卷代号:22155

考试时间：2024年7月

学 号:

姓 名:

考点名称:

注意事项:

1.将你的学号、姓名及考点名称填写在试题和答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后,把试题和答题纸放在桌上。试题和答题纸均不得带出考场。待监考人员收完试题和答题纸后方可离开考场。

2.仔细阅读题目的说明,并按题目要求答题。所有答案必须写在答题纸的指定位置上,写在试题上的答案无效。

3.用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔(含签字笔)答题,使用铅笔答题无效。

Part I

Questions 1-10 are based on Passage 1. (30 points, 3 points each)

Passage 1 Life Is Good in Iceland

Iceland is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is between Greenland and Norway. It is part of Europe. This country has a population of about a quarter of a million people. Most of the people live in towns. Reykjavik is the capital and the largest city.

Iceland is not as cold as its name sounds. The temperature in January in Reykjavik is the same as in New York City. Icelanders speak Icelandic,which is similar to German,but 99 percent of Icelanders also speak English.

Icelanders are the hardest workers in Europe. They work the longest hours. Many people have two or three jobs, and children work during school vacations. Icelanders work hard because life is very expensive, and they want a high quality of life. lceland is the most expensive country in Europe. Iceland doesn't make cars or machines. Many of these things come from other countries. That is why they are expensive. However,Iceland has a lot of fish,so fish is not expensive.

Icelanders have a great system for health and education. Health care and education are free. All children must go to school from age 6 to age 16. Every person in Iceland can read and write. Icelanders read a lot. They read more books than any other people in the world. Icelanders are healthy, too. The air is clean there because people get natural hot water from the ground to heat their homes. With clean air and a good health care system, Icelanders live long lives. Men in Iceland live the longest lives of any men in the world.

Iceland is a great country. The air is clean. People live long. There's almost no crime. Icelanders have a high quality of life,but they work hard!

Directions:

Complete these sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Note that three words or phrases from the box will not be used.

1. Iceland is a(n) ______,but it is also a country.

【标准答案】island

2. About ______ a million people live in Iceland.

【标准答案】a quarter of

3. Iceland's language is ______ German.

【标准答案】similar to

4. In Iceland,people use hot water from the ground to ______ their homes.

【标准答案】heat

5. There are few people in prison in Iceland because there is almost no ______.

【标准答案】crime

Directions:

One piece of information in each sentence is not correct. Rewrite the sentence with the correct information.

6. The temperature in January in Reykjavik is lower than that in New York City.

【标准答案】The temperature in January in Reykjavik is the same as in New York City.

7. Fish is expensive in Iceland.

【标准答案】Fish is not expensive in Iceland.

8. Health care and transportation are free in Iceland.

【标准答案】Health care and education are free.

9. All children must go to school from age 6 to age 18.

【标准答案】All children must go to school from age 6 to age 16.

10. Women in Iceland live the longest lives of any woman in the world.

【标准答案】Men in Iceland live the longest lives of any men in the world.

Part II

Questions 11-20 are based on Passage 2.(30 points,3 points each)

Passage 2 The World's Most Popular Drink

People all over the world drink coffee. It is the world's most popular drink. The French call it "cafe", the Germans "Kaffee", the Japanese "koohi", the Turkish "kahve". But the people of Sweden drink the most coffee - more than five cups a day. Over half of American adults drink it every day, but not as much as in Sweden. Too much coffee is bad for your health.

We don't know who really discovered coffee. There is one story about a man who discovered coffee in Ethiopia, a country in Africa, around the year 700. The man's name was Kaldi, and he took care of goats. One day, he watched them while they were eating some plants. Soon after they ate the plants,the goats became very excited, and they did not sleep that night. Kaldi tried the plants himself, and he became very excited, too. Other people tried the plants. They decided to boil the plants and then drink the liquid. They, too, couldn't sleep well at night. This drink became popular and went from Ethiopia to Arabia. By 1200, it was a popular drink in the Arab world. The word "coffee" comes from the Arabic word "qahwah". Coffee then traveled from Arabia to Turkey, Europe, and the rest of the world.

Coffee has been very popular in history. Many famous people loved coffee. The French writer Voltaire needed 72 cups every day. In 1735, the German musician Johann Sebastian Bach wrote music about coffee. Another German musician, Beethoven, counted 60 beans for each cup of coffee he made.That was strong!

There are coffee shops and coffee bars all over North America today. They serve all kinds of coffee in different sizes and flavors. Many coffee shops also give customers free Wi-Fi. In fact, it is not unusual for students to go into a coffee shop,buy one cup of coffee,and then sit for hours with their laptops writing their papers and surfing the Web.

Directions:

Fill in each blank of the text summary with an appropriate word from the box.Please note that five words from the box will not be used.

a. excited b. musicians c. strange d. ate e. spread

f. rest g. liquid h. health i. surf j. story

k. luckily l. boil m. laptops n. famous o. serve

11. Coffee is the world's most popular drink. Although people all over the world drink it, it is said that too much coffee is not good for one's ______.

【标准答案】h (health)

12. The discovery of coffee is an interesting ______.

【标准答案】j (story)

13. Around the year 700, in Ethiopia, a shepherd named Kaldi found his goats became very ______ shortly after eating some plants.

【标准答案】a (excited)

14. He and other people tried to ______ the plants and then drank the 15.______.

14题【标准答案】l (boil)

15题【标准答案】g (liquid)

16. They, too, couldn't have a good ______ at night.

【标准答案】f (rest)

17. This drink became popular and ______ from Ethiopia to the Arab world, Turkey, Europe, and other parts of the world.

【标准答案】e (spread)

18. Many ______ writers and 19.______ loved coffee.

18题【标准答案】n (famous)

19题【标准答案】b (musicians)

20. Nowadays, coffee bars and shops ______ coffee in various sizes and flavors.

【标准答案】o (serve)

Part III

Questions 21-30 are based on Passage 3. (20 points, 2 points each)

Passage 3 Margaret Mead: The World Was Her Home

Margaret Mead was a famous American anthropologist. she was born on December 16, 1901, in Philadelphia. Pennsylvania. She lived with her parents, her grandmother, and her brother and sisters. Her parents were both teachers, and her grandmother was a teacher too. They believed that education was very important for children. They also believed that the world was important. Margaret learned many things from her parents and grandmother.

When she was a child, Margaret's family traveled often and lived in many different towns. Margaret was always interested in people and places, so she decided to study anthropology in college to learn about different cultures. At that time it was not very common for women to study in a university. It was even more unusual for women to study anthropology.

Margaret graduated from collge in 1923. She wanted to continue her education in anthropology, so she decided to go to American Samoa to study about young women there. Many people did not know about the culture of American Samoa. Margaret wanted to learn about Samoans so that the world could learn about them, too.

Margaret lived in Samoa for nine months and learned the language. She talked with the Samoan people, especially the teenage girls. She ate with them, danced with them, and learned many details about their peaceful culture.

When Margaret returned to the United States, she wrote a book about the young Samoan women she studied. The book was called Coming of Age in Samoa, and it was very popular. As a result, Margaret Mead became very famous. Before Margaret wrote her book, not many people were interested in anthropology. Because of Margaret's book, anthropology became a popular subject.

Margaret Mead studied many different cultures in her life. She continued to work, travel, write and teach until she died in 1978. She was a remarkable woman of the world.

Directions:

Read Passage 3 carefully and then decide whether statements 21 - 30 are true or false. Write T for true and F for false against the number of the item on your answer sheet.

21. Margaret was born in 1901.

【标准答案】T

22. Margaret lived alone.

【标准答案】F

23. Margaret's parents were both teachers.

【标准答案】T

24. Margaret's family only stayed in one town when she was a child.

【标准答案】F

25. Anthropology is the study about different cultures.

【标准答案】T

26. Margaret is the only woman student of her time.

【标准答案】F

27. Margaret graduated from college in 1923.

【标准答案】T

28. Margaret wanted to learn about Samoans only because she was interested in them.

【标准答案】F

29. Margaret lived in Samoa for nine months.

【标准答案】T

30. The book Coming of Age in Samoa is about the young Samoan men.

【标准答案】F

Part IV

Questions 31-35 are based on Passage 4. (20 points, 4 points each)

Passage 4

Of all the problems facing modern astronomers, perhaps the most fascinating is: "Can intelligent life exist elsewhere?" Since the Earth is an unimportant planet moving round an unimportant star, it would be a pride on our part to suppose that we are the only intelligent beings in the universe.But to obtain proof is difficult.

The main trouble is that our neighbor worlds, the bodies in the Solar system appear to be unsuitable for advanced life-forms. The Moon may be ruled out at once, it has hardly any atmosphere. Venus is little better; the surface temperature is extremely high and the atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide. Mars with a very thin atmosphere and a severe shortage of water, may well support simple plant life but there seems no hope of finding animals, while the attractive Martians of the story-tellers have long since been given up.

Of course this has not stopped the flow of bright ideas for communicating with the supposed people on Mars. In the early nineteenth century the great mathematician Gauss suggested planting tree-patterns in Siberia, so that the Martians would see them and replay suitably. Following up this idea, the Austrian scientist Karl Littrow proposed digging very wide ditches in the Sahara, triangular in patterns, and then filling them with petrol or some substance so that, when lit,the ditches would present Martian observers with a"flaming triangle" which would show the existence here of intelligent minds. Even better were the plans of Charles Cross, a French writer of the 1870's, who wanted to build a large mirror to refleet the sun's rays and concentrate them on the surface of Mars,thereby making a vast burning glass. By swinging the mirror around, Cross explained it would be practicable to write words in the Martian deserts simply by burning the sand. For many years he bombarded the French government with literature about this plan and was very disappointed when no official interest was shown.

Directions:

Read Passage 4 and give short answers to Questions 31-35. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

31. What is the most fascinating problem for modern astronomers?

【标准答案】Can intelligent life exist elsewhere?

32. Why is the Moon unsuitable for advanced life-forms?

【标准答案】Because it has hardly any atmosphere.

33. Why is it nearly impossible to find any life on Venus?

【标准答案】Because the surface temperature is extremely high and the atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide.

34. Who is Karl Littrow?

【标准答案】He is an Austrian scientist.

35. Who is Charles Cross?

【标准答案】He is a French writer of the 1870's.

试题答案及评分标准（供参考）

整体评分规则

1. 第一部分10道题，每小题3分，共计30分，按参考答案阅卷，每小题做对得3分，做错不得分。

2. 第二部分10道题，每小题3分，共计30分，按参考答案阅卷，每小题做对得3分，做错不得分。

3. 第三部分10道正误判断题，每小题2分，共计20分，按参考答案阅卷，每小题做对得2分，做错不得分。

4. 第四部分5道简答题，每小题4分，共计20分，具体评分标准如下：

注：对于字母拼写、大小写等错误，每处扣0.5分，5道题累计扣分不得超过5分。