河北开放大学2024年秋学期《人文英语4》单元自测【标准答案】

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单元自测1（10分）

试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1.– Good afternoon. Can I help you?

– ________________________________

A.I need to buy a birthday present for my son.

B.I don't think I need any of your help.

C.Yes, I think so, too.

2.– Thank you for your invitation.

– ________________________

A.I'll appreciate it.

B.It doesn't matter.

C.It's a pleasure.

3.Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses __________

A.in between

B.far apart

C.among them

4.Never before _________ see such a terrible car accident on the road!

A.I have

B.have I

C.did I

5.Did you notice the guy _________head looked like a big potato?

A.who

B.which

C.whose

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

6.选择题

　　Graffiti painting is traditionally a daredevil pursuit. Teenagers dodge security guards to put their names on trains and buses. But over the past decade, graffiti has all but disappeared from Britain's cities. Between 2007 and 2012 the number of incidents of graffiti recorded by the British Transport Police fell by 63%. A survey by the Environment Ministry shows that fewer places are blighted by tags than ever. Graffiti are increasingly confined to sanctioned walls, such as the Stockwell ball courts. In time the practice may die out entirely.

　　The most obvious reason for the decline in tagging and train-painting is better policing. Numerous CCTV cameras mean it is harder to get away with painting illegally. And punishments are more severe. A generational shift is apparent, too. Fewer teenagers are getting into painting walls. They prefer to play with iPads and video games. Some have gone to art school and want to make money from their paintings. The Internet means that painters can win far more attention by posting pictures online than they can by breaking into a railway yard.

　　Taggers and graffiti artists mostly grew up in the 1980s and 1990s. Those men—and almost all are men—are now older and less willing to take risks. Graffiti may eventually disappear. But for now the hobby is almost respectable. The former graffiti artists paint abandoned warehouses at the weekend. It has become something to do on a Sunday afternoon—a slightly healthier alternative to sitting and watching football.

　　1.Teenagers are not afraid of being caught by security guards when they put their names on trains and buses. 1

　　2.Less tags can be found in public places nowadays. 2

　　3.Because of better policing graffiti decreases. 3

　　4.Some teenagers go to art school in order to learn to paint walls. 4

　　5.Taggers and graffiti artists are still willing to take risks. 5

(1).__1__

A.T

B.F

(2).__2__

A.T

B.F

(3).__3__

A.T

B.F

(4).__4__

A.T

B.F

(5).__5__

A.T

B.F

单元自测2（10分）

试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1.– Your ID card, please.

– ________________________________

A.Here you are.

B.Here are they.

C.Give you.

2.– Would you like something to drink? What about a cup of tea?

– ________________________________

A.Yes, I want.

B.No, I wouldn't.

C.No, thanks.

3.The student were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brian's ________

A.money

B.pay

C.expense

4.Every year thousands of lives ________ in road accidents because of careless driving.

A.are lost

B.lost

C.have lost

5.Had you come five minutes earlier, you _________ the train to Birmingham. But now you missed it.

A.would catch

B.would have caught

C.could catch

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

6.排序题

A. I couldn't agree more.

B. What else?

C. Once we separate and recycle them.

D. But I have a concern.

E. That is really a great advice.

Peter: Molly, look at this. The newspaper says we should sort trash.?

Molly: That would be great! I always hate it when people mixing all the trash together.

Peter: 1 Many communities have already done that.

Molly: Yeah. The benefits of sorting out trash are obvious.

Peter: For instance?

Molly: If trash is sorted, it can be transferred to factories instead of the disposal plant.?

Peter: That makes sense. 2

Molly: With trash separated, pollution caused by incineration can be avoided.?

Peter: It is high time for us to sort out the trash. Trash is trash only when everything is mixed together. 3 they can be useful again.?

Molly: 4 Things like paper, glass, and plastics can all be recycled. They can be reused.

Peter: Sorting is good. 5 If people have no idea how to sort their trash, they will still put all waste in the same bag.

Molly: You are right. People should be informed about how to do that in the first place. Moreover, sorting trash should be made easy for us. Otherwise, few people would bother to do it.

Peter: I hope everything goes smoothly!

Molly: I believe it will.

(1).__1__

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

(2).__2__

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

(3).__3__

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

(4).__4__

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

(5).__5__

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

单元自测3（10分）

试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1.– I didn't know my identity card was needed, sir.

– ________________________________

A.I don't believe you.

B.Sorry, but that's no excuse.

C.How dare you say that?

2.-Can you go out with us for dinner this evening?

-__________.

A.No, I already have plans.

B.Thanks a lot, but I'm busy tonight.

C.No, I really don't like being with you.

3.Harry, who had failed in the final exam, had a great worry ________ his mind.

A.on

B.in

C.with

4.Nancy is ________ girl.

A.an eighteen-year-old

B.an eighteen-years-old

C.a eighteen-years-old

5.Two thousand dollars ____ enough for the car.

A.is

B.are

C.were

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

6.选择题

　　It can be really frustrating (使人沮丧的) for an overweight person to go to a gym and work out with a positive attitude. All one has to do is walk by almost any nice gym and notice all the healthy, sweating, “skinny” members. Sometimes they stare at those of us who are, well, zaftig. It is easy to see the judgment behind their eyes. Who wants to put up with that?

　　Many people are self-conscious of their bodies and feel isolated when joining workout classes of while exercising, especially if they are larger than most of the others in the group. Now the fitness industry is finally paying attention. Popular gyms are catering (迎合) to overweight and weight conscious customers by dedicating areas where the “skinny” people are not allowed.

　　There are even gyms or programs that require members to be at least 50 pounds overweight to participate.

　　Trainers recommend functional fitness as a practical goal, rather than six-pack abs(六块腹肌). They often use text messages to stay in touch with customers.

　　Often at these specialized gyms, the trainers are overweight themselves, or working on their own weight goals, and this can help those people with anxiety caused by poor body image. The equipment has been designed for use by larger people. Wider seats, more cushioning, no mirrors, and tinted (有色的) windows for privacy, are all important changes.

Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in the future. The idea is a very simple and potentially popular one. If it helps those of us who are bigger exercise more and improve our fitness level, it's a step in the right direction.

　　1. The word zaftig in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to 1 .

　　A. fat

　　B. healthy

　　C. friendly

　　2. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that 2 .

　　A. most large gym chains really don't want members to show up frequently

　　B. overweight people are often frustrated and pushed away by traditional gym industry

　　C. regular gyms don't accept overweight people to participate in their programs

　　3. What is the training goal in the gyms catering to overweight members? 3

　　A. To achieve functional fitness.

　　B. To build six-pack abs.

　　C. To look like a fitness model.

　　4. As for the gyms catering to overweight members, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? 4

　　A. The machines are designed for larger people.

　　B. Tinted windows are used to ensure extra privacy.

　　C. There are large mirrors on the walls.

　　5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? 5

　　A. Improving Women's Self-confidence through Exercises.

　　B. The traditional Gym Industry Is Losing Its Customers.

　　C. Specialized Gyms Designed for Overweight People.

(1).__1__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(2).__2__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(3).__3__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(4).__4__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(5).__5__

A.A

B.B

C.C

单元自测4（10分）

试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1.— Could I talk to Prof. Lee?

— _________________.

A.Yes, speaking?

B.Oh, it's you

C.I'm waiting for you?

2.— Sam, this is my friend, Jane.

— _________________.

A.?I'm Jack?

B.?Glad to meet you, Jane?

C.Glad to meet you, Sam?

3.?The atmosphere ???????????certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.

A.?composes of

B.is made up

C.consists of?

4.Today's weather is _____worse than yesterday's.

A.very

B.much?

C.very much

5.It is said that _____ boys in your school like playing football in their spare time, though others prefer basketball.?

A.quite a lot

B.quite a few

C.quite a little

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

6.选择题

　　Babies who are breast-fed may be more likely to be successful in life, a new study published Tuesday suggests. The study followed more than 3,000 babies into adulthood in Brazil. The researchers found those who were breast-fed scored slightly higher in intelligence tests in their 30s, stayed in school longer and earned more money than those who were given formula（配方奶粉）.

　　“Breast-feeding not only has short-term benefits, but also breast-feeding has long-term benefits, ” says Bernardo Lessa Horta of the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil, who led the study being published in The Lancet Global Health.

　　Doctors have long known that breast-feeding can be good for a baby's health. This is especially true in poor countries, where water can be contaminated. For instance, a baby given formula in developing countries is 14 times more likely to die in the first six months than one who's breast-fed. In the U.S., some research has suggested that breast-feeding may raise a baby's IQ（智商）by a few points. But a recent study with siblings（兄弟姐妹）found little advantage to breast-feeding.

　　Horta says these previous studies didn't follow children into adulthood to see if breast-feeding had long-term effects. So Horta analyzed data collected from 3,493 volunteers he and his colleagues have been following since birth. They are now in their 30s. First, the researchers gave the subjects IQ tests. Those who were breast-fed for 12 months or more had IQ test scores that were 3.76 points higher than those who were breast-fed for less than one month, the team found.

　　When Horta and his colleagues looked at how much education the subjects had gotten and how much money they were making, they also found a clear difference: Those who were breast-fed the longest stayed in school for about an extra year and had monthly salaries that were about a third higher.

　　1. From the passage, we learn that Horta 1 .

　　A. is from Brazil

　　B. conducts his research in the U.S.

　　C. has 30 researchers on his team

　　2. Which of the following about those who were breast-fed is NOT mentioned? 2

　　A. They stayed longer in school

　　B. They were happier

　　C. They were smarter

　　3. Which of the following is TRUE? 3

　　A. Doctors don't understand the benefits of breast-feeding.

　　B. Horta is concerned with water contamination in poor countries.

　　C. Horta's research project lasted about 30 years

　　4. The word contaminated in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to 4 .

　　A. finished

　　B. interested

　　C. polluted

　　5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? 5

　　A. Researchers Have Pointed Out the Disadvantages of Breast-feeding

　　B. Researchers Have Found Out the Shortcomings of Formula

　　C. Breast-feeding Improves Chances of Success

(1).__1__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(2).__2__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(3).__3__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(4).__4__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(5).__5__

A.A

B.B

C.C

单元自测5（10分）

试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1.— Have a nice holiday, Ted.

— _________________.

A.Yes, you're right

B.?That's all right

C.Thank you, and you too

2.— What's the best way to get to the Empire Hotel from here?

— _________________.

A.?It's five blocks away

B.?Walking through the wood

C.It's a twenty-minute walk?

3.This kind of material expands _________ the temperature increasing.?

A.to

B.?for ? ?

C.?with ?

4.?Important ________ his discovery might be, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.?

A.when

B.until ?

C.?as ?

5.I want to buy a ______ wallet for him.?

A.?black leather small

B.?small black leather?

C.?small leather black?

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

6.正误判断题

　　All communication begins with the sender and ends with the receiver. The sender is responsible for successful conveyance. The sender's personality, beliefs, cultural and educational background all influence the message and it is important for the sender to be aware of this as he or she is encoding the message. Simply put, encoding is translating information into symbols that represent the ideas or concepts of the message that needs sending. These symbols are usually words in written or spoken form. To ensure successful communication, the sender should know as much about his or her audience – the receiver – as possible in order to focus and support the encoding process.

　　In addition to this awareness of self and encoding, the sender must choose the proper channel for conveying the message. Using the wrong channel may result in miscommunication. Like the sender, receivers are influenced by internal factors: their personality, their receptivity to the message or their relationship to the sender. Additionally, their current feelings, mood, or state of mind can affect a message. Once the message moves through the channel, the receiver then decodes it. The receiver uses his or her own experience and the context of the message to interpret its meaning.

　　Feedback is the return message from the receiver to the sender. It is feedback that enables the sender to know whether the message was received successfully or not. Therefore it is essential to the communication process.

　　This process, though very common, is fraught with potential breakdown at every turn. Spoken or written language is inherently easy to misinterpret. In conclusion, effective and successful Communication takes place when the message is successfully received and the receiver provides the sender with desirable feedback.

　　1. The sender's gender also influences the message. 1

　　2. Encoding is a process that translating information into symbols which serve as the ideas or concepts of the message that will be sent later. 2

　　3. These symbols are usually words and sentences in written form. 3

　　4. Channel is not crucial for conveying the message. 4

　　5. Feedbacks enable the sender to know whether the receiver has received the message successfully?or not. 5

(1).__1__

A.T

B.F

(2).__2__

A.T

B.F

(3).__3__

A.T

B.F

(4).__4__

A.T

B.F

(5).__5__

A.T

B.F

单元自测6（10分）

试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1.— Is it going to be warm next week?

— _________________.

A.?Yes, it is?

B.?I don't believe it

C.?No, it hasn't

2.— Are you on holiday here?

— _________________.

A.We are on holiday here, too

B.?We live here, too

C.No, we aren't. We live here?

3.The problem is not _____ so easy as you think. It's far from being settled.

A.hardly

B.almost

C.nearly

4.?Would you like something ______________?

A.drink

B.to drink

C.drinking

5.It was getting __________, he had to stop to have a rest.??

A.very darker

B.dark and dark

C.darker and darker

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

6.选择题

　　Charity is a concept which dates back to Biblical times, when helping the poor was something that rich people basically did to make themselves feel good. Social work has its roots in charity, as it originally began around the time of the industrial revolution when there were many poor people and society was seeking a way of dealing with the poor and social problems. Although social work began as charity work, it has expanded a lot and needs to be seen from a completely different perspective.

　　Modern-day social work deals not only with poverty and the subsequent problems, but also with the problems arising from various types of “social fear” (“social phobias”) and discrimination such as sexism, racism, and discrimination against an individual due to his age, or mental or physical disabilities. Social workers deal with the consequences of these discriminations as well as consequences that arise from sexual abuse, drug abuse, and various other problems.

　　Social work provides an important service to society. Individuals and families in need of help are the focus of it, and are re　ferred to as clients. Social workers help clients live a productive life in their own community. In order to reach this goal, they often enlist the assistance of family members, relatives, local religious leaders, and other influential members of the community. Although institutionalization may be necessary at times, it is a temporary solution. Social workers usually serve in the front line, and reach out to the clients soon after problems occur. The goal is to help clients return to normal life in a natural setting.

　　1. The charity originally means to 1 .

　　A. help the poor that makes the rich feel good.

　　B. help clients return to normal life.

　　C. serve the whole society.

　　2. When does social work begin? 2

　　A. around the time of the industrial revolution

　　B. Biblical times

　　C. modern time

　　3. Modern-day social work deals with the following problems except 3 ?

　　A. poverty

　　B. racism

　　C. education

　　4. In order to help clients live a productive life, social workers can turn to the assistance of 4 .

　　A. government

　　B. family members

　　C. businessmen

　　5. Which statement about social work is NOT True? 5

　　A. Social work roots from charity.

　　B. Social work deals not only with poverty and the subsequent problems, but also with various social fear and discrimination.

　　C. Social work is that the rich people want to help the poor people.

(1).__1__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(2).__2__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(3).__3__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(4).__4__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(5).__5__

A.A

B.B

C.C

单元自测7（10分）

试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1.— So sorry to trouble you.

— _________________.

A.It's a pleasure

B.It's your fault

C.I don't think so

2.— What does your English teacher look like?

— _________________.

A.She likes singing

B.She looks sad

C.She looks much like her mother

3.How can he _____________ if he is not _____________?

A.listen; hearing

B.hear; listening

C.be listening; heard

4.The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that remote village.

A.when

B.where

C.that

5.Have you ever visited the Summer Palace, _____ there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake?

A.which

B.that

C.where

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

6.选择题

　　Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate(有读写能力的) without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other skills that we teach?

　　Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染)in any school, but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a child's moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue(美德).

　　I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入)itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings and motives. It's also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control.

　　Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when am student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as, "that was really disrespectful and selfish of you!" we draw out from them the required virtue: "When you're walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use?"

　　1. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? 1

　　A. Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years.

　　B. The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to encourage character development in children.

　　C. Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives.

　　2. We can infer from the first paragraph that 2 .

　　A. there tends to be disagreement about what character education is

　　B. most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schools

　　C. the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skills

　　3. The word "philosophy" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to 3 .

　　A. study

　　B. subject

　　C. viewpoint?

　　4. The author is a 4 .

　　A. teacher

　　B. librarian

　　C. reporter?

　　5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to build character in children? 5

　　A. Story readings and discussions.

　　B. Osmosis.

　　C. Taking every opportunity to teach character.

(1).__1__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(2).__2__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(3).__3__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(4).__4__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(5).__5__

A.A

B.B

C.C

单元自测8（10分）

试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1.— What's the weather like in this area?

— _________________.

A.Very well

B.It's rainy

C.Yes, it's fine

2.— What time does the train leave?

— _________________.

A.On Tuesday

B.In the morning

C.At half past five

3.How much has the company ________________ this year?

A.brought in

B.brought down

C.brought out

4.He studied hard at school when he was young, _________contributed a lot to his success.

A.which

B.therefore

C.what

5.It is no use _________to remember only grammar rules.

A.trying

B.try

C.to try

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

6.选择题

　　Is that 6 a.m. wokeout getting in the way of good sleep? Don't think your fat cells won't notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain.

　　The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there' “an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight,” says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland. But Americans don't seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours par night. More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average.

　　So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night,” says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for four additional nights——but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat. Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. “I was very surprised to be honest,” he says.

　　Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend,” he says. “They're there to store lipids (血脂).” When lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when you're exercising or sleeping or going about your day. “However, when fat cells stare to become insulin resistant, the lipids star to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,” Brady says.

　　1. According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT 1 .

　　A. heart disease

　　B. weight gain

　　C. diabetes

　　2. The main idea of the third paragraph is? 2 .

　　A. how to write a medical research paper

　　B. how to avoid sleep loss

　　C. how the research was conducted

　　3. What does the “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean? 3

　　A. Leap.

　　B. Lead.

　　C. Leak.