国家开放大学2023年秋季学期期末统一考试 商务英语阅读试题（含答案）

试卷代号：24050　　考试时间：2024年1月

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考试说明：This examination consists of three sections. Section One: Grammar and Word Practice (40 points)；Section Two: Reading Comprehension (40 points)；Section Three: Translation (20 points)。The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.

一、Grammar and Word Practice（本题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）

Questions 1-10（20 points）

Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.

1. How does my work fit ___ the overall objective of the company?

A. in

B. on

C. out

标准答案：A

2. How do you ___ the company's alarmingly high staff turnover?

A. meant for

B. count for

C. account for

标准答案：C

3. Corporate culture is the shared experiences, stories, beliefs, and norms ___ supply and demand for the types of laborers.

A. which create a company

B. that characterize a company

C. that company has got

标准答案：B

4. Managers must ___ and prepare for the changes of market.

A. provide

B. prepare

C. forecast

标准答案：C

5. Mass media promotion aims to influence publice perception, not only target ___.

A. competitors

B. consumers

C. products

标准答案：B

6. ___ programs include wages and salaries, incentives and benefit for workers.

A. Marketing

B. Orientation

C. Compensation

标准答案：C

7. The Belt and Road Initiative advocates ___ among civilizations and respects the paths and modes of development chosen by different countries.

A. tolerance

B. conflict

C. existence

标准答案：A

8. Countries should further enhance trade and investment ___ and establish a network of free trade areas that meet high standards.

A. facilitator

B. facilitation

C. facilitating

标准答案：C

9. Businesses established in foreign countries should contribute to the social ___ of those countries.

A. advances

B. advantage

C. advancement

标准答案：C

10. To become competitive globally, ___ are grouping regionally.

A. economics

B. economies

C. economists

标准答案：B

Questions 11-20（20 points）

Choose the correct word or words from the box to complete the following sentences. Word bank: bankruptcy, upholds, fall, tariffs, Advertising, tangible, powerhouse, modernization, components, holistic

11. Traditional Chinese medicine takes a ___ integrated system, whose different parts must be kept well-connected and in balance.

标准答案：holistic

12. The Belt and Road Initiative ___ the five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.

标准答案：upholds

13. China is now at the stage of development of building a well-off society and accelerating socialist ___.

标准答案：modernization

14. ___ laws are designed to protect both a person or firm that cannot pay its debts and the creditors involved.

标准答案：Bankruptcy

15. Automobiles made by competing firms all have the same basic ___, although the way they look and fit together may vary.

标准答案：components

16. The Asia/pacific economy is a ___ waiting to happen.

标准答案：powerhouse

17. Governments impose quotas and ___ for a wide variety of reasons.

标准答案：tariffs

18. Innovation is the ___ result of creativity-the process that produces one or more innovations.

标准答案：tangible

19. ___ is a paid, non-personal message communicated to a select audience through a mass medium.

标准答案：Advertising

20. There was a dramatic ___ in sales to the USA between 1997 and 2000.

标准答案：fall

二、Reading Comprehension（本题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分）

Questions 21-25

Read the following passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

Passage 1

Financial management consists of those activities that are concerned with obtaining money and using it effectively. Short-term financing is money that will be used for one year or less. Although there are many short-term needs, cash flow and inventory are two problems that deserve special attention. Long-term financing is money that will be used for more than one year. Such financing may be required for starting a business, expansion, new-product development, or replacement of production facilities. Proper financial management can ensure that money is available when it is needed and that it is used efficiently, in keeping with organizational goals.

A financial plan begins with the organization's goals and objectives. Next these goals and objectives are "translated" into budgets that detail expected income and expenses. From these budgets, which may be combined into an overall cash budget, the financial manager determines what funding will be needed and where it may be obtained. The four principal sources of financing are sales revenue, equity capital (derived from the sale of common and preferred stock), debt capital, and proceeds from the sale of assets. Once the needed funds have been obtained, the financial manager is responsible for ensuring that they are properly used. This is accomplished through a system of monitoring and evaluating the firm's financial activities.

Most short-term financing is unsecured. That is, no collateral is required. Sources of unsecured short-term financing include trade credit, promissory notes issued to suppliers, unsecured bank loans, commercial paper, and commercial drafts. Sources of secured short-term financing include loans secured by inventory or accounts receivable. It is also possible to sell receivables to factors. Trade credit is the least expensive source of short-term financing; there is no interest charge. The cost of financing through other sources generally depends on the source and on the credit rating of the firm that requires the financing. Factoring is generally the most expensive approach.

21. Based on the text, short-term financing and the long-term financing is the same.

标准答案：F

22. A financial plan begins with the organization plan.

标准答案：F

23. According to the text, there are three sources of financing, such as sales revenue, equity, debt capital.

标准答案：T

24. Financial management consists of those activities that are concerned with obtaining money and using it effectively.

标准答案：T

25. Most short-term financing is unsecured.

标准答案：T

Questions 26-30

Read the following passage and choose the best statement (A, B, or C) for each question.

Passage 2

All business involves people; very frequently the skill level, motivation and initiative of the people in the business determine its success. The Personnel or Human Resource Management departments exist to select, train, and organize the employees according to the needs of each department. If a business fails to achieve the best from its employees (who include everyone who works in the business from workforce to managers and directors) then the performance of the business may suffer.

As a business grows, the managers become more involved in the day-to-day running of the business and sometimes the longer-term perspective is ignored. The directors are responsible for considering the long-term objectives of the business and for ensuring that resources are organized carefully so that long-term objectives are achieved. Directors are also responsible for reporting to shareholders in company reports, and it is the directors, not the managers, who bear the brunt of shareholders' scorn when profits are down, as well as receiving shareholders' praise when profits are up. Ironically, although directors are not known as managers, their whole job is about management!

26. The Human Resource Management Department is set to train employees ___.

A. according to customers' requirements

B. according to the needs of each department

C. according to the instructions from the CEO

标准答案：B

27. ___, the performance of the business may suffer.

A. The business won't be successful

B. The workforce is not better chosen

C. If the employees are not good enough

标准答案：A

28. The long-term perspective is considered by ___.

A. employees

B. managers

C. directors

标准答案：C

29. Managers and directors have the same ___ in companies.

A. responsibilities

B. salaries

C. working hours

标准答案：A

30. Directors report to ___.

A. managers

B. shareholders

C. departments

标准答案：B

三、Translation（本题共1小题，20分）

31. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.

Before the price of a product can be set, a firm must decide whether its basis for competition will be its low price or some non-price consideration. Also, managers must consider the relative importance of price to buyers in the target market before setting prices. Prices may be established based on costs, demands, the competitions' prices, or some combination of these. Cost-and competition-based pricing are simpler than demand-based pricing, which considers additional marketing factors in the pricing process. Once basic prices are set, the seller may apply various pricing strategies to reach its target markets more effectively.

标准答案：在确定产品的价格之前，公司必须决定，它的竞争基础是低价还是某些非价格因素。而且，在确定价格之前，经理们还必须考虑价格对目标市场买主的重要性。价格的确定可以基于成本、需求、竞争价格，或是它们的某种组合。基于成本和竞争的定价比基于需求的定价要简单些，因为后者还要考虑定价过程的其他营销因素。基价一旦确定，卖家就可以运用各种定价策略更有效地进入目标市场。

翻译评分标准：

18 — 20 分：译文正确，文字通顺，语句符合汉语习惯，仅有个别小错。

14 — 17 分：译文基本上表达出原文的意思，个别语句不符合汉语习惯，有些用词欠准确。

9 — 13 分：译文勉强表达出原文意思，有时出现语言错误或漏译。

3 — 8 分：译文仅表达出一小部分原文意思，用词不准确，语句不符合汉语习惯，有非常严重的语言错误。

0 — 2 分：译文混乱不成句，只写出个别单词，或译文和原文不相关。